L57 物理基础理论的系统性the systematizat

2019-1-7

                                   L57  物理基础理论的系统性

                                              陈理士


 物理学研究物质规律、物质变化机理,“求真、务实”,不轻信主观设想和主观感觉;物理学的成果需要真实,如果有不真实掺入,将使物理理论失真、理论不能圆满。基础理论不但是一般物理理论的基础,它们还互为基础,更加容不得存在不实。

 迄今物理学理论如百花齐放、群芳竞艳,丰硕成果不容忽视,但是不少理论也存在“困难”和“问题”。为什么理论会存在“困难”和“问题”?其实乃是此理论不正确与不圆满。分析发现,有的“困难”和“问题”因为“人性化”影响引起,有的因为不当开拓引起,但是,它们多半来自不正确的基础理论。

 “人性化”术语在物理基础理论中并不少见,如“同性、异性”、“阴阳、正负”,如果不导致理论偏离真实,没有必要特别加以注意。这里提出的乃是离开物理真实的部分。

基础理论的不当开拓形成了一些弄假成真,如:“镜像粒子”、“传力粒子”、“赋质粒子”、“超重物质”、多维(> 3)物理空间空间等等。

 基础理论一旦有“水分”渗人,必然使“上位”理论存在“困难”和“问题”、产生有“水分”的“上位理论”。

这里举出三个例子:

(1)2006年,根据欧洲宇航局科学家小组不久前对太阳的新观测和计算,荷兰天体物理学家彼斯迈耶尔宣布:“大约再过6年,太阳可能发生超新星爆发。”当时除陈理士(Chinese)外似乎没有人据理提出过不同意见,而六年后事实对此作出了否定。

(2)去年(2013),出来了不少“太阳磁场将在数月内作180度改变”的文章,人们纷纷转载,也没有见到不同意见,然而,至今已经一年,“180度改变”却不见了下文。

(3)去年出现了“太阳系在120亿公里处有一个高密度外壳”、“空间仅有一个太阳系,其余星辰乃是图象、并非真实”等“理论”,在网上有了不少附和的文章,提出不同观点的也仅有www.chinesephysics.com网站的《L42 太阳系有个“外壳”?》一文。为什么会出现以上情况?

 对于(1),现有主流理论无法正确解释恒星、超新星爆发形成的机理,于是当2006年有人测量到太阳辐射增加于是判断为即太阳将于2012年“爆发”时,难以从理论角度加以纠正;对于(2),人们至今没有相信星体磁场产生于三个因素:星体自转、内部导电导磁、空间电场。在星体内部温度明显高于“居里点”的情况下依然相信星体“内部有磁铁或带磁物质”;关于(3),现在恒星系统的产生的理论,并没有同物质演变循环挂钩,仅有几种不圆满的学说。因此,这乃是基础理论不到位、不真引起。

 可见,基础理论的欠缺或不真使判断不能正确。对于此类“理论的纰漏”如果以“淡定”处之,结果自然是“困难”和“问题”将长期保留。而要达到基础理论的不欠缺或到位则谈何容易,现有理论是这么多年来许许多多学者勤恳努力、堆瓊砌玉的成果,如今尚且“存在困难和问题”,在现有基础上加以改进的难度自然较大。

全盘推翻已有理论、另起炉灶可行吗?否定一切的做法当然不可取,因为,现有理论可以说是金玉满堂,珷玞只是微量。

 怎样改进已有理论而达到去除“困难”和“问题”?这里首先提出的是系统性。现存于理论中的“各说其是”、“缺理理论”需要改变为各说其理、以理服人,理论应当环环相扣,不能存在没有理由的例外。

  系统性是正确基本基础理论必须的性质之一, 理论的系统性在于“环环相扣”,不存在“开环”——“困难”和“问题”。质子质量高度一致这一事实使“12种、62种和> 300种”三种基本粒子理论都出现“开环”,基本粒子需要同时满足条件:

(1a)真正是一粒,不是粒子群体

(2a)不能变化——变大、变小、变多、变少、分裂、改变质量、变为能量、湮灭等

(3a)品种足够(充分),此外再不需要其它“基本粒子”就可以“构成任何化学物质”

(4a)品种无余(必要),不能游离于“构成物质之外”

(5a)有质量

(6a)有体积

(7a)发出力线、通过力线相互作用形成双方之间的力

(8a)其动能同“原子能”明显相关

 这些条件要同时全部满足,而不是仅仅满足其中几条,坚持这样的理念,方能使理论避免“困难”和“问题”。 

这种审视需要严格,存在“开环”的理论,不能是正确理论。现在,只有“基本粒子仅有两种——引力子、斥力子——”的理论由于分析发现了“聚合效应”和“微涡旋星系”而不存在“开环”。

再以“力”的理论为例,以往没有明确“力源于力线相互作用”属于认识尚未到位,但“力分为四种”则是一种失误:

(1b)与系统化相反,将一个具有共同特征(促使物质改变惯性)的物理量人为的分为4种

(2b)物理量的“同”、“不同”乃是由性质决定,这里却由力的“大小”(量不同)作为分类依据自然难以理直气壮。

 从系统观点出发,引力、斥力都只能是一种,“分为四种”,此认识之所以出现问题是由于对“力如何产生”的认识不到位,影响了对“力有几种”的判断。

如果对于同一物理事物出现了几种理论相互独立各说其是又不能涵盖全面,可以判断它们都不是正确理论,都需要加以改进,正确理论应当能够包容它们的合理之处,又具有圆满性,正确的基础理论不能缺乏系统性。

 以上本文仅议论了“系统性”,至于正确理论还需要的“合理性”、“圆满性”、“同物理规律的协和性”、“反复验证的承受性”等这里未予讨论。 

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L57      the systematization of the basic physical theory

                        S. G. Chinese

 The physics to study the law of material and the mechanism of material, seeking truth, Not trusting subjective assumptions and subjective feeling;the results of physics need truth, if mix untruth, it will the theory’s distortion and cannot be satisfactory. The basic theories not only be the basis of general physical theory, they all to do the basis each other, more can’t be exist untruthfulness.

 So far physics theory like all followers bloom together、compete the beauty each other, the yielded fruitful results can not be ignored, but not a few theory exist “difficulties” and “problem”. What are the “difficulties” and “problem”? In fact it is theory’s not right and not satisfactory. Do analysis can find, some “difficulties”and “problem” was caused by the influence of humanization, some was caused by improper developing, but most of them was come from the not right basic theory.

 The term of the “humanization” does not uncommon in basic physical theory, such as “homosexual, heterosexual”、“Yin、Yang, positive、negative”, if not lead to theory’s untrue, There is no need for special attention. Here presented to be the part of leaved true. 

 The improper development of the basic theory formed some what was make-believe has become true, such as: “mirror particles”、“transfer-force particle”、“giving-quality particle”、 “over weight material”、many ( > 3 ) dimensions space and so on.

 Once the “water” permeated into the basic theory, it should be make the “superior theory” exist “difficulties” and “problem” and make the “superior theory” to possess “water”.

Here are three examples:

(1)in 2006,according to the European space agency team of scientists recently for the new observation and calculation of the sun,The Dutch astrophysicist Pace Meyer announced: “about 6 years down the sun will may happens supernova explosion”, at that time besides Chinese it seems no one proposed don’t agree, and after six years, the fact made a negative to this.

(2)Last year(2013), appears some writes for “the sun’s magnetic field will alter 180 degree after some months”, people were re-published, lo have not seen the different opinions, however, it has been a year, “alter 180 degree” but haven’t the result.

(3)Last year, it appears “the solar system have a high density hull at the place beyond the twelve thousand million kilometers”、“space has a solar system only, the rest stars to be the picture、does not true ” and so on “theory”, on the web there are much conforming articles, only 《Whether the solar system have a “hull”?》(from the site www.chinesephysics.com) put forward the different point of view.Why in these cases?

For (1), current leading theory unable to correctly interpret the formed mechanism of star or supernova explosion, so when in 2006 some one measured the sun’s radiation to be added thus judged the sun will “explosion” at 2012 , it was difficult to correct it from the theoretical angle;for (2), up to now persons have not believe star’s magnetic field to be produced by three factors:star’s self rotate、its internal can Conductive and has permeability 、space electric field. In case of star’s internal temperature was clearly high than “Curie point ” still to believe “there is the magnet or the with magnetic material in the star’s inner”;about (3), now the theory of how the star’s system generated did no have link with the circulation of matter’s evolution, only have some theory of not perfect. Hence, lead to this situation to be from no perfect and no true of the theory.

;;;;;;;;; Visible, the shortcoming or on true of the basic theory make the judgment can’t correct. If we very calm for these “theoretical careless mistake ”, the result should be the “difficulties” and “problem” will remain for long time. And reach to basic theoretical perfect and correct is by no means easy, the current theory was the results of a great of scholars been diligent efforts and pile by jade, now still “exist difficulties and problems”, do the improvement for it naturally have the large difficulty. 

 Does that is feasible for Completely overthrow the existing theory? The method of deny all surely inadvisable, because, current theory may say ;;;;;;;;;treasures fill the home, incorrect only the micro scale.

 How to improve existing theory and reach to wipe off “difficulties” and “problem”? The first here suggested is “systematization”. “each say it is”and the “lack of motivation theory” existing in current theory need change into each say the mechanism and convince people by reasoning, the theory ought to all linked with one another, can’t existing the exception of no reason. 

 The systematization is the one of the must properties of the correct basic theory, the theoretical systematization lie in “hook-ups”, there is no “open loop”——“difficulties” and “problem”——. The fact of quality highly fit make the theory of three kinds of the basic particle all appear“open loop”, the basic particle need to satisfy the conditions at the same time:

(1a)to be the true one, not particle’s group

(2a)can’t change——larger、little、more、less、fission、change quality、change into energy、annihilating and so on 

(3a)the variety is enough (fully), may form any chemical substances don’t need other “basic particle”

(4a)the variety is nothing left (needful), no one can be floats outside of “constitutive substance” 

(5a)all has the quality

(6a)all has the volume

(7a)send out force-line, through force-line’s interaction to form the force between both

(8a)its kinetic energy was clearly related to the atomic energy

These conditions should be all satisfy, and does not only some of them get satisfy, adhere to this idea, can to make the theory avoid “difficulties” and “problem”.

This review need strictly to do, there is a “open loop” theory can’t be the correct theory. Now, the theory of “only two kinds of basic particle”——graviton and reoulton——due to through analysis find “polymerizing effect” and “micro vortex galaxy ” then there is no “open loop”. 

Also take the example of “force” theory, in the past there is no clear the force comes from interaction of the force-line , it belong to the knowledge is not yet in place, but “the force is divided to four kinds” is a kind of mistake:

(1b)it is contrary with the systematic, put a physical quantity of possess common features (make matter change inertia) artificially divided to four kinds

(2b)the “same” or “not” of physical quantity to be decided by nature, but here to be decided by the “size” of the force (the quantity not same) naturally it is difficult to stick.

Starting from the viewpoint of systematization, attracting force、repulsion force are all can have one kind only , way the understand the force “divided to four kinds” appear problem be due to the understanding does not reach the correct position, it affected the judgment for “how many kinds of force”.

If to a physical thing appeared several kinds of theory they mutual independence and each say it is and can’t cover the full, they are not the right theory, all need do improve, the correct theory ought to contain their reasonable part, also possess completing, that is to say, the correct basic theory can’t lack of systemic.

 This article only discuss the above “systemic”, to form correct theory also need “rationality”、 “complete”、 “harmonize with physical rule”、“the receptivity of again proving ”and so on here did not discuss.