L55  地球之水何从来？

摘 要 分析回答“地球水来源”，并预测一亿年后 地球海平面将上升80多米

关键词 　空降水 　地球海水来源 　地球可燃冰来源　　一亿年后地球海平面

空间物质“生产作坊”

　　本文意在寻找地球上“汪洋大海”的“水源”，对此，迄今人们的猜想是：

　　1、 地球物质原来就有水，随着地球的不断变化，释放出来，成为海水来源

　　2、 撞入地球的彗星带来的

　　3、 生物圈周期转移使海水高涨或干涸

　　这些猜想初听有因，一经推敲，便难置信，如对于“1”，

　　一个众所公认的基本状况是，地球曾经是一团高温岩浆，迄今仍处于渐渐降温过程之中， 

　　 当地球是2000°C以上的高温岩浆时，还能有水分子存在吗？“原来就有”那是什么状态？对于“2”，每个彗星的水分，量是多少？每年能给地球带来多少水？是否太少太少了！对于“3”，海水的高涨或干涸，来自何处？去向哪里？

　　其实，与“地球上的水从何而来”的问题同时存在的还有：

海洋深处的“可燃冰”从何而来？

　　令人难以捉摸的“火球雷”是怎么回事？

　　月球上的“尘埃”从何而来？

　　某些行星的“光环”从何而来？

　　空间的“宇宙尘”从何而来？

　　其它行星上是否有水？等等。

　　要是没有发现“相关”，只能就每一个问题，如同上面1、2、3那样提出猜想；如果找到机理，也许所有问题都可以迎刃而解，还可以在这些问题之外作出进一步的推测，例如：空间是否存在多种化学元素、空间电场分布区域有多大、宇宙射线自何而来等等。

　　因为，已经发现的“空降”物质，除了水之外，还有宇宙尘、可燃冰、陨石、陨铁等等，需要研究这一些自然现象的物理联系。文章《L04 物质演变》发现了物质在宇宙中演变循环的物理链：从基本粒子、质子与中子、原子与分子、松散彗星与行星、恒星物质到“超新星爆发”。

　　这一循环的动力是引力，因为“超新星爆发”是“聚极而散”，引力虽然依然存在，但是已经阻挡不了“超新星爆发”，那颗“超新星”彻底分散回到基本粒子状态，因此，上述循环得以继续，且无始无终。

　　经过分析发现，基本粒子只需要引力子、斥力子两种而不是“12种、62种或 >300种”。 

　　斥力子就是电子，但它的质量只有现在理论（ 10的-28次方克）的一亿分之一，根据是，现在认定的电子质量（9.1×10的负28次方克）乃是从化学领域规定“氢原子外围只有一枚电子”那里引用过来的，此规定在化学中不成问题，它描述了不同原子外围电子数量不同。

　　但在物理学领域需要探明原子的物理真实，如果氢原子外围仅有一枚电子，此电子如何形成氢原子外围空间电子分布场？怎样保证许多氢原子之间有正常“间距”能够进行布朗运动？怎样封闭质子对外发出的引力线从而使原子显示“电、磁中性”？又怎样能够“发出氢光谱”？所以，氢原子外围应当是“一份电子”，这“一份”的质量是9.1×10的负28次方克，数量是多少？

这是意识到“氢原子外围不只一枚电子”后需要经过研究精确确定的课题，同上网站文章《L34 引力子、斥力子——基本粒子》文粗估，这“一份”约为一亿枚，因此，一枚电子的质量约为10的-36次方克。

　　恒星和“超新星爆发”辐射的斥力子（电子），可能去向有三：

　　（1a）散入空间，在空间电场中形成斥力，逐渐减速直至停止，成为空间电场的一员

　　(2a) 飞入引力子的“微涡旋星系”，形成中子

　　(3a) 回旋在质子或质子、中子的微涡旋星系外围，成为原子的电子层

　　 引力子是谁？它就是宇宙射线粒子，恒星和“超新星爆发”使分子、原子、质子、中子解体成为两种基本粒子——引力子、斥力子——飞入空间，斥力子的去向已如上述，引力子以原来在“微涡旋星系”中回旋的线速度在空间飞行，对于它不会形成斥力，因此，它是“永恒量子”。

　　它向外发出相对密度为1（最大）的引力线，由于“力线相互作用形成力”，引力子之间可能形成两种“聚合”方式：（1）是当运动方向相同时“结伴同行”，也可称为“代数聚合”，聚合后的动能正比于引力子数量；（2）是运动方向相反时形成“微涡旋双星”（两枚）、“微涡旋星系”（多枚），动能变为涡旋状态，除非涡旋解散，已不再对外显示，可称为“蓄能聚合”，由于聚合效应，“微涡旋星系”的最大是质子，质子一旦解体上述能量重新对外显示，这就是“原子能”。

　　可见，“宇宙射线中有600种以上不同粒子”的认识需要改进为宇宙射线中仅有一种粒子——引力子。因为它们会“结伴同行”，我们的测量仪器只能识别动能——电子伏——不能分辨对象是一枚还是多枚，将“不同电子伏”判断为“不同粒子”。如不改变认识，将会永远难以回答“宇宙射线600种以上粒子的来源”。

在引力作用下，空间引力子、斥力子不断聚合产生质子、中子，其“剩余引力线”使质子、中子形成原子，再剩余的引力线形成分子之间的引力。

　　早先对于空间的概念是它等于真空，新的认识是，空间乃是物质在引力作用下不断聚合的“生产作坊”。

　　空间可以产生质子、中子和各种原子、分子，但是，各处是否均匀的产生质子、中子和各种原子（元素）呢？不是，由于辐射电子的密度同相对恒星的距离有关，因而空间高速电子的密度不能处处“均匀”。

　　至此，叙述了空间产生的原子、分子的机理，各种原子、分子在宇宙空间内随机不断聚合产生。

　　 原子、分子是否发出力线？发出何种力线？据引文中“聚合效应”原理，物质聚合量越大，发出的引力线密度越小，因此，除“电子与电子之间相互排斥”外，所有物质都倾向于聚合，直至宏观物质，依然发出密度很低的引力线，此力线已经不能形成微量物质聚合，只能形成万有引力(万有引力乃是力线密度最低的力)。

在空间形成原子、分子之后，由于发出引力线，分子聚合成为多分子，它们同附近星体之间形成引力、成为“陨落物”坠向星体便很自然。

　　 由此，因为空间不断“生产”物质，每一颗星体的“上空”也就不断有“陨落物”。但是，从“量”的角度看，绝大多数“陨落物”必然被恒星“引去”，用牛顿引力方程不难证明这一点。而行星只能从中分到“一点点”。

　　这里有一个问题，据上推测，所有星体都在增加质量，这些“增量”的原始物质，来自何处？

　　来源有一个：“超新星爆发”。一颗“超新星爆发”可以向空间提供大约10颗太阳的质量。观测表明，空间不断发生“超新星爆发”，这自然支撑着空间所有行星、恒星都在不断“发展壮大”。

　　本文的题目之所以存在，是因为“地球上的水原来就有的”这种猜测难以置信，难以相信从高温渐渐冷却下来的地球岩石中会还有13 亿立方千米的水。既然空间不断聚合生成各种元素，地球的水来自空间就比较合理，通过观察，确实发现了空间陨落水、冰、可燃冰等物质，也可以猜测，海底的“锰核”同样来自“空降”。

　　如果空降了一个小小的可燃冰，它渐渐液化、气化，最终显示为火球、轰然一响而告终，这不就是一个神秘的火球雷吗？

　　物质不断聚合演变的直接结果就是“宇宙空间处处产生‘宇宙尘’”，这是宇宙空间许多与“尘”相关的自然现象的物质来源，例如月球上的“尘”，行星的“光环”，高空作为雨水粘结核心的“尘”，彗星物质的“尘”。它们使宇航器在长期遥远飞行中微微减速，使月亮上（白天）黑色背景中见不到星星。

　　对于地球，“空降水”乃是事实，如果不能找到地球水的其它“大宗来源”，可以考虑“空降水”是地球水的主要来源，也可以考虑，现在地球上这13 亿立方公里海水是45亿年来不断“空降”的积累。

　　若问，一万年之后，海平面变化多少？回答是：上升8毫米。这似乎不足引起重视，但是，若问，一亿年之后，海平面变化多少？回答是：上升8万毫米即80米！地球上有一些国家将要成为海底世界！ 这里看出来自然界的“积分”，巨大的差距来自长期积累，积少成多。 

　　以上叙述附带涉及到一个问题：月球上有水吗？据以上事理推测，月球上应当有水，但是，数量要比地球上少得多，月球同空间物质间形成的力，仅有地球同该物质形成的力的1.2%， 如同“拔河”，“降”到月球上的水，要远少于这个1.2%；再就是，因为月球上的温度低，“空降水”一旦落下，自然会很快成为冰态。 

　　“各个行星上是否都有水”、“是否都有差不多的水”？最外的海王星上空“有宇宙尘”应当不成问题，但是，由于距离(相对太阳)不同，根据上述机理，其化学成分同近距离行星不能完全相同，如果也有水分子，其“量”肯定要大大少于地球。

若问，十亿年之后呢？答案自然是，那时人类居住的“陆地”将“飘”在水上。

2019.3.26 加注 ： 本文于2014/6/10 登上本网站原先架构，2019.1月投入使用的现在的新架构未设计“加入时间、阅读次数”，故加注以保持原貌

L55  where come from the water of the earth ?

Abstract to analyze“the watter’s source of the earth” and forecast after one hundred million years that earth sea level will rise about 80 meters

Key wolds rainfall watter　 the watter’s source of the earth　 the source of earth combustible ice　　the future sea level after one hundred million years space matter producing workshop

　 This article aims to find the “water source ”of the earth’s “boundless seas”, to this, guess is thus far：

1、the earth original to be have water

2、 to be brought from comets crashed in to the earth

3、biosphere cyclicality shift make sea water high or dry

　This guess in the early listen was possess reason, once the scrutiny, it is difficult to believe, as for the “1”,

A approved basic condition is, the earth was once a hot magma, so far is still in the colling process, when the earth is the high temperature magma, can the water molecules still exist? what condition for “the original is”? For the “2”,how much quantity waters for every comet ?how much water can bring the earth every year? Whether it is too little too little? For the “3”, the sea water is so high or dry, where come from thy will? where are they going?

　　In fact, the simultaneous problems with “where come from the water of the earth”also have：

　　Where come from the combustible ice of the deep sea?

　　What is the matter for the elusive “fire ball thunder”

　　Where come from the “dust”on the moon?

　　Where come from the “light ring”of some planet?

　　Where come from the space “cosmic dust”?

　　Whether there is water on the other planet? etc.

　　If not found “related”, can only to the each problem raise the guess as above 1、2、3 ；if there is founded mechanism, perhaps all problems may be resolved, 2014-06-10 08:08:02

　　Still can make further outside these problems, such as：

　　Whether space exists various chemical elements、how much space electric field distribution area、where come from the cosmic rays etc.

　　Because of, have found that “airborne”matter, apart from the water, still have cosmic dust、、、etc. Need to research the physical relation of this some natural phenomenon. Article 《L04 matter’s evolution》found the physical chain of matter’s evoluting circulation：from the basic particle、proton and neutron、atom and molecule、loose comet and planet、star to “supernova explosion”.

　　This circulatory power is attracting force, be cause “supernova explosion”is “gather until the limit so change to scatter”, though attracting force still exist, but already can’t stop “supernova explosion”，that “supernova”thoroughly scatter return to the basic particle condition, so, above circulation can be continue, and without beginning and ending. 

　　Through analysis found out, the basic particle need two kinds of graviton and repulton only, and does not “12 kinds、62 kinds or >300kinds”. 

　　The repulton precisely to be electron, but its quality only 1/10000000( 10-36 power gram) of now theory, the reason is, now that electronic quality ( 9.1×10-28power gram) to be quoted from the rule of chemical field which stipulated “only a peripheral electronic a hydrogen atom”, this stipulation is no a problem in chemistry, it described the peripheral electron is unequal for different atom.

　　But physical field need to ascertain the physical true, if it only one electron on the atom’s peripheral, how can this electron to form the electronic distribution field of hydrogen peripheral? how to guarantee much hydrogen atoms have the general “separation distance”and proceed Brownian movement? How to closed the external attracting force-line which sent out from proton and make atom to show “electromagnetic neutral”? And how can it“sent out hydrogen spectrum”? Therefore, the hydrogen atom’s periphery should be “a portion electrons”, the quality of this “a portion ”is 9.1×10-28power gram, how much is the number ?

　　This is the task need exact decided after be aware of “hydrogen atom’s periphery not only one electron”, the rough estimation from the article 《L34 graviton、repulton——the basic particle》in the same website as above, this “a portion electrons”about one hundred million particles, so, an electron’s quality about 10-36 power gram.

　　 The repulton (electron)from star and“supernova explosion” may go：

　　 （1a）into the space

　　 （2a）fly in to the “”of gravitons, to form neutron

　　 （3a）2014-06-12 07:40:11；to convolute on the periphery of the “micro vortex galaxy” of proton、neutron, become atom’s electron shell

Who is graviton? It precisely is the particle of the cosmic rays, star and “supernova explosion”make molecule、atom、proton、neutron get break up and become two kinds of basic particle——graviton、repulton——fly into space, the disposition of repulton have such as the above,graviton fly in space with the speed of it original ever convolute in the “micro vortex galaxy”, it is should not form repulsion, so, it is the “ever quantum”.

　　It sent out attracting force-ling of biggest relative density (=1), due to “force-line interact to form the force”, between graviton may form two “polymerization”way：the（1）is when the motion direction in the same then “go in company”, can also be called “algebra polymerization ”, after polymerization the kinetic energy is proportional graviton number；the（2）is when the motion in the opposite direction would form “micro double stars”(two gravitons)、“micro vortex galaxy”(much gravitons), the kinetic energy change into the vorticity state, unless the vortex dissolution, this kinetic energy no longer external display, may be called “storing-energy polymerization”, due to the polymerizing effect, the biggest “micro vortex galaxy” is proton, once proton get break up, above energy anew external display, this is called the “atomic energy”.

　　Visible, the cognition of “cosmic rays have more than 600 kinds of different particles ”need to be improved into cosmic rays have one kinds of graviton only, our measuring instrument can identify kinetic energy——electron volt——only, cannot to distinguish whether the object is one or more, to judge “the different electron volt”into “the different particle”. If not alter this understanding, will always difficult to answer “the source of cosmic rays of more than 600 kinds of particles”.

　　In under the action of attracting force, space graviton、repulton (electron) constant polymerizing in to proton、neutron, “the surplus attracting force-line”make proton、neutron form atom, again surplus attracting force-line form the attracting force between molecules.

　　In the past, that the concept of space is, it is equal to the vacuum, the new understanding is, the space to be the material“production workshop” of matter constant polymerizing under the action of the attracting force.

　　Space may to produced proton、neutron and every kinds of atom、molecule, but, whether everywhere is homogeneously to produced proton、neutron and every kinds of atom、molecule (element )? No, due to the density of radiating electron is related to the distance from the star, thus the density of space high speed electrons can’t“homogeneous” every where.

　　So far, has been described the mechanism of space produced atom、molecule, every kinds of atom、molecule randomly polymerizing produced in the cosmic space.

　　If the atom、molecule sent out force-line? What kind of force-line they sent out? According to the “polymerizing effect”of 《L04 matter’s evolution》，more the quantity of polymerizing matter, smaller the density of attracting force-line it sent out, thus, besides “mutual repulsion between electron”, all matter are tend to polymerize, until to macro material, still sent out attractive force-line of very low density, this attractive force-line already can’t form micro material polymerization, can form universal gravitation only (universal gravitation to be the attracting force of the lowest force-line density ). 

　　After space form atom、molecule, due to they sent out the attractive force-line, Molecular polymerizing become more molecules, form the attractive force between they and the nearby aster, become “infall”sank to the aster is very natural.

　　Thus, because space constant “produce”material, in the every aster’s sky will also has “infall”continuously. But, from the angle of “the quantity”to see, most of “infall”must be “attracted go” to the star, it is easy to prove with Newton’s gravity equation. And planet can only get“a little bit”from this.

　　Here has a problem, according to above speculation, all aster are in adding quality, where come from the prime material of this “ adding quality”?

　　The source has one：“supernova explosion”. A “supernova explosion”can afford quality to space about 10 suns. Observation shows, that space constantly occur “supernova explosion”, this naturally support space all planets、stars are constant “develop and grow”.

Textual topic can exist, be due to the“speculation”of “the earth original to be have water” is difficult to believe, 2014-06-16 07:09:43that is difficult to believe in the earth rock which gradually cooling from high temperature should having 13 hundred million cubic kilometers water.

　　Since space constantly polymerize all kinds of chemical element, earth water come from space is reasonable, by observing , it is exactly find out space downfall water、ice、combustible ice and so on matter, it can also be speculated that the“manganese nucleus”of the sea bottom is come from space fall also.

　　If there is fall a little combustible ice from sky, it gradually liquification and aerification, finally displayed as ball of fire, crashing rang, is this a mysterious fireball ray?

The direct result of matter constant polymerizing evolution is “cosmic space produce ‘cosmic dust’everywhere”, this the matter source of natural phenomenon of related to the “dust”,such as the “dust” on the moon, “halo”of the planet, the “dust”in high altitude as the rain core, the“dust”of the comet substance. They make space craft slow down slightly in long distance flying, and make moon’black back ground (day time)can’t see stars. 

　　For the earth, “sky falling water”to be the fact, if can’t find out the other “a large amount source”of the earth’s water, can be considered “sky falling water”does the main source of the earth’s water, also can be considered, now earth’s this watter of 13 hundred million cubic kilometers water to be the accumulation of 45hundred million years constant “falling from sky”.

　　If asked, after ten thousands years, how much sea level change? The answer is, rise 8mm. This seems insufficient attention, but, If asked, after hundred million years, how much sea level change? The answer is, rise 80 meter! there are some counties on the earth is going to be underwater world! Here see the “integration” of the natural, the huge difference is come from long-time accumulation, many a little makes a mickle.

　　The above narrative with involves a problem：is there any water on the moon? According to above reason to speculate, there should be water on the moon, but, the quantity would be much less than the earth, the force between the moon and space material form, only 1.2% of the earth with the material form, like “tug of war”,the water “fall” to the moon, should much less than this 1.2%；then there, because of the low temperature on the moon, once the “sky falling water” does drop down, naturally will soon become icy.

　　“whether there is water on the every planet”?“whether the water of them does nearly”? The sky of Neptune “have cosmic dust” is no problem, but , due to the different distance (relative to the sun), according to the above mechanism, the chemical component can’t all in the same with the nearby planet, if also have water molecule, the “quantity” certainly be much less than the earth. 

If asked， what condition about after thousand million years? The answer certainly is, at the time, human habitation “land”will flutter on the water.