L49  霍金输了？

提要： 不久前，由于“发现了玻色子”的报道，许多以“霍金并输了”为题的文章纷纷出现，本文对此以为不妥

关键词 ： 霍金 霍金输了 玻色子 　发现“上帝粒子”

　　　当下，不少文章以“霍金输了”为题介绍“欧洲核研究组织4日宣布发现与希格斯玻色子特性一致的新粒子”。

　　人们需要冷静地对待这一发现，因为，前车可鉴，学术界曾经多次随着某一发现或一种耸人听闻的理论出现而热闹一番，最近的一次是在美国宇航机构透露出“月亮上看不到星星”之后，不少文章提出了“太阳系有一个外壳”、“宇宙只有一个太阳系”、“夜空中的星星乃是映像”等理论。这些理论显然是在没有系统分析的情况下匆匆地形成的，对此，《 L42 太阳系有个“外壳”？》一文分析解释了事情的实质 (在网上搜索“太阳系有个外壳”可以见到此文)。此例又一次说明需要像数学界那样的严谨态度，不应让难以“自圆其说”的“理论”成为正式理论。

　　“霍金认输”一事如果属实，只能表明这位受人尊敬的科学家胸怀坦荡，他相信那些实验结果，就像当年爱因斯坦原来认为“红移”由引力引起，以后同意了“宇宙膨胀”，这是一种尊重别人成果的态度，令人起敬。

　　但是，发现“上帝粒子”是一回事（该实验本身无可置疑），此“粒子”究竟是什么粒子（属于判断）则是另一回事！实验结果和对于结果的分析判断不能混为一谈。

　　当今基本粒子理论受到“质子质量的一致性达到5位有效数”这一事实的“一票否决”，不论是“基本粒子有12种”还是“基本粒子有62种”理论，都不能说明为什么“质子质量高度一致(达到5位有效数)”这一事实，那么多种“不同”的“基本粒子”组成质子，它的质量怎么可能“划一”到好几位有效值？

　　“可变”是当今粒子理论的特色，“a粒子可以变为b粒子，质量可以变能量，有质量粒子可以变为无质量粒子加能量”。可是，物理学是研究“机理”的学科，任何物理变化必定有机理，不存在没有机理的此类“变”，唯有“质量可变”至今找不到“变”的机理，历史上那几个似乎说明“质量改变”例子，今天看来，都不是质量真正“变了”，乃是当时未能发现变化的机理（现在已经发现了），“质量变化”属于误会。今天，能够提出哪怕一件说明“质量确实可变”的实例吗？如果不能，经典物理学的基础物理规律“物质不灭”是不是应当理解为“基本粒子不可变，其质量不可变”？

　　如果不能证明质量可变，不能说明粒子可变的机理，有关“质量可变”理论自然难以理直气壮。

　　真正的粒子，可信的是，它具有球形“外部”，有体积、有质量、是真正的一粒、发出力线。

　　如果说它能变，需要说明怎么变？是数量变、体积变、还是比重变？其机理何在？

有一种观点认为，基本粒子只需要引力子、斥力子（电子）两种，而形成质子的基本粒子只有引力子一种而已。

　　这种观点从物理现象中分析出，引力子是具有光速量级速度的“永恒量子”，两种基本粒子同力线、力的关系是：

　　引力子发出引力线，其总量取相对值1，斥力子发出斥力线，其总量也取相对值1。力由力线相互作用产生．

　　1 引力线与引力线相互作用产生引力，记为F1

　　2 斥力线与斥力线相互作用产生斥力，记为F2

　　3 引力线与斥力线相互作用也产生引力，记为F3，但F3< F1

　　引力子从何而来？它同质子有和关系？

　　空间恒星的核反应和超新星爆发向空间辐射两种基本粒子，斥力子由于F2，离开恒星后逐渐减速，最终融入空间电场；引力子能够形成F1、F3力，但都是引力，所以，引力子受不到阻尼，将保持其原来的速度，在空间高速飞行。

　　上述观点对“质子何来”的回答是： 质子来自“引力子的蓄能聚合”，引力子的引力线使它强烈地趋于“聚合”， “聚合”有两种可能的方式：“代数聚合”与“蓄能聚合”，前者产生宇宙射线“粒子”，后者产生“微涡旋星系”，由于“聚合效应”， “微涡旋星系”依然倾向“聚合”，其最大的“平衡规模”是质子。具体机理请参见网文《粒子今论》及《物质演变》。

　　以上叙述将质子“来源”安置在宇宙物质演变循环之中。质子“撞碎”可以得到的是许多不同规模的“微涡旋星系”，其中也可能有少量“单身”引力子。由于现在仪器仅能测量电子伏而不能辨认“不同规模”，以为都是“一粒”，所以，许多“新粒子”(其实应当是规模不同的“微涡旋星系”)会不时出现，如果对电子伏的测量可以精确到10的-12次方，未来可能发现万亿种“新粒子”，它们其实只是引力子的不同规模的“微涡旋星系”而不是真正一粒，参见先前的网文《LHC强子对撞机能够撞出什么？》。

　　为什么许许多多“种类”的“粒子”都是“短期存在”、都可以“变”、都带正电荷？真正的物理背景在于它们都是尚未达到“平衡”规模的“微涡旋星系”，具有强烈聚合倾向、发出较强引力线。

　　不能圆满的理论必定不真实、不符合客观实际，需要加以改进。

通过以上简述可以看出，现在粒子理论存在问题与困难的实质，真正的基本粒子应当具有以下特性： 

　1　是真正的一粒

　2　不能再分裂

　3　不能“转变”

　4 　力线密度最高

　5　发出力线，通过相互作用生成力

　6　具有质量与体积

　7　单个质量与尺度最小

　8 　比重最大

　9　能够聚合成为迄今发现的所有“粒子”或任何规模的物质且有明确的机理

　10　能够发生现已发现的所有的物质演变,其作用符合自然规律

　11　品种充分而必要

　12　是一切物理现象的“始作俑者”

　　真正的基本粒子只有引力子、斥力子两种！其它那些名目繁多的“成千上万种粒子”乃是引力子的不同规模的“微涡旋星系”。

　　两种基本粒子的认识使“问题”迎刃而解，质子所以“稳定”乃是基于“聚合效应”、引力平衡的结果，其它那些由质子冲击产生的许许多多“粒子”乃是回复到引力子当初开始聚合不久的状态，它们都发出密度较大的引力线（带正电荷），有强烈聚合倾向，质量都小于质子……。

　　如果质子是由12种或62种基本粒子组成，就必然存在许多难以解释的难题。

　　至此，可以看出，霍金认为不能得到“玻色子”乃是正确的！霍金没有“输”，恰恰相反，他是“赢家”，随着物理基础理论的“去芜存菁”，“玻色子”并非“真正的一粒粒子”会越来越被人们认识得更清楚。因为，真正的“粒子”只有引力子、斥力子两种。迄今命名的其它所有“粒子”全都不是真正的“一粒”，有的甚至乃是“意向粒子”！称呼它们是“粒子”或认为它们是“粒子”客观上都是不符合实际的，从这个角度看，霍金一开始就是赢家，而且永远是赢家。

　　其它那些“电子伏”不同的“新粒子”今后还会发现，但是，它们并非真正的“一粒”，至于给它赋一个什么“粒子”之名，并不影响它们“不是真正粒子”这一实质。 

　　在此，对实验、测量和“误差 < 0.00006%”的评估毋庸置疑，问题在于那些质量大于10的负36次方（克）的“粒子”需要证明它们是真正的“一粒”，不能完全具备以上12项特性的“粒子”，不可能是真正的“一粒粒子”；其次，还要据理阐明为什么它恰恰是“上帝粒子”； “上帝粒子”到底是什么样的“粒子”等。

　　因此，尽管发现了“玻色子”的实验其仪器、方法、数据精度等准确无误，而被认为的那个“玻色子”,首先却需要证明它是“一粒粒子”而不是一个基本粒子的“微涡旋星系”。

　　物理界至今尚未觉察粒子领域这一名不副其实的现象。连事实都还未清晰，此“玻色子”并不能肯定是“一粒粒子”；在和谐的质子理论中，只需要引力子就可以以“蓄能聚合”方式聚成它，在基本粒子理论存在“问题”的情况下，仅仅是这样的“发现”，怎能认为是“赢”了呢？

　　陈理士物理论文《L24a LHC强子对撞机能够撞出什么？》已经估计到以后会不断“发现”这一类“粒子”，它们毫无例外地都“带正电荷、可变、暂态”其实乃是引力子的不同规模的“微涡旋星系”或“复数引力子”（宇宙射线‘粒子’），将它们命名为“某某粒子”无非名不符其实，此类“粒子”，已经命名了成百上千！问题是, 基础理论何时才能觉察到失误所在。

　　要补充议论的是，对霍金的前两次“打赌”的评论，第一次是霍金押注“黑洞”不存在，第二次还是关于“黑洞”理论，“奇点”应该被黑洞围绕，霍金认为没有被黑洞包围的“裸奇点”(naked singularities)并不存在。

结果是，关于第一次“打赌”，霍金承认输95%，第二次“打赌”微笑认输，这里显示了这位令人尊敬的学者在“一边倒”的舆论前的宽厚态度，也显示了当前物理基础理论的无奈。

　　其实，究竟什么是黑洞？黑洞究竟在哪里？谁也无法回答得圆满，存在的“理论”，只是一些并未获得验证、说不上机理的判断、议论而已。尽管 >95%的人相信黑洞存在，但是“黑洞存在”却存在破绽：

“涡旋星系中心存在黑洞”， 涡旋星系其实普遍存在于空间，而“中心存在黑洞”只是一种看法而已。这种看法所以被相信，乃是因为此前不能解释为什么那些恒星会形成涡旋运动？这使人想起台风，如果说台风中心有一个“黑洞”当然无人相信，是上升气流形成的负压使台风中心具有吸引力，让四面八方的气流“向中心”汇聚，哥氏加速度导致“向中心”气流形成涡漩，因此，不需要一个“黑洞”来承担“吸引”的任务。 

　　涡旋星系存在一个“吸引中心”吗？是什么力让众星回旋不去的呢？此前因为找不到答案，于是有一个方便的处置：“存在黑洞”，反对存在黑洞的人似乎无法举证。但是，据理“反证”却不难：

　　空间存在许多“双星”，“双星”中间有没有一个“黑洞”？“双星”乃是发展成为“多星”乃至涡旋星系的开始，当逐步增加成员时，这个“黑洞”也“变大”？

　 　其实“双星”的“相互环绕、不能离开”的原因乃是它俩的引力线相互作用，形成二者之间的引力，此引力恰好等于离心力。所以，不需要“黑洞”的参与！

　　当然，能够满足“引力恰好等于离心力”的空间两颗星星并不多，不是很容易就形成“双星”，不过随着时间推移，空间总会不断产生“双星”。

　　形成“双星”的机制也会导致形成“多星”，“多”到一定程度，就是“涡旋星系”了，这里是一个渐渐增加成员的发展过程，因此，也没有需要“黑洞”来参与聚合，“黑洞”是想象中的“天体”，任何天体都发出引力线，在一定速度矢量、一定距离下可能同其他星体形成“双星”或加入一个“涡旋星系”，没有“黑洞”的用武之地。

　　八大行星围绕太阳回旋，距离和相对速度已知，完全可以通过计算验证“引力恰好等于离心力”这一条件，不需要设想“太阳中心存在一个黑洞”，为什么远方的涡旋星系就需要一个“黑洞”呢？ 

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L49   does Hawking had lost?

abstract not long ago，as a result of “find the boson” reports, many articles with the theme of “hawking lost” appear in succession, in this paper, this thought wrong 

key words Hawking 　 Hawking lost boson 　God particle

　　Here and now, many articles in the name of “Hawking lost ” introduce “European Organization for Nuclear declare find the new particle of the properties consistent with higgs boson ” at 4th ．

　 People need calmly treat this discovery, because of, heed previous examples, academic circles ever repeatedly along with a certain discovery or appear a kind of lurid theory and yet lively one time, the nearest once was after the space agency of The United States disclose out “lose sight of the stars on the moon”, many articles put forward “solar system have a hull”、“cosmos have a system of solar only” 、“the stars of night sky to be the image” and so on theory．These theories obviously was forming under this circumstance of not have system analysis, withal, the text of《Whether the solar system have a “hull”? analyzed and explained thing’s essence (search “solar system have a hull” on the net can sight this text)．This example once again explained it need the rigorous manner as those math field, should not let those “theory” of difficult to “justify oneself ” become official theory． 

　　Matter of “Hawking admit defeated” if belong to true, can but make clear this scientist of respected Bosom is magnanimous, he take stock in those experimental result, just like in those days Einstein original think “red shift” is cause by gravitation, later he agreed “”, this a kind of manner of respect to others achievement, command esteem． 

　　But, find “God particle” is one thing (this test itself is indubitable), what is this “particle” after all (belong to the judgment) it is something else, the experimental result cannot confuse with the analysis and judgment of the experimental result．

　　At present particle theory suffer “vote down by one ticket” from the fact of “the consistency of proton reach to 5 bit significant”, no matter theory of “there are 12 kinds of basic particle ” or “there are 62 kinds of basic particle”, all cannot explain the fact of “why the quality of proton was highly fit (reach to 5 bit significant)”, that “basic particle” of various “different” kinds make up the proton, how can their quality get “uniform” reach to the effective value of several bits? 

　　“Variable” was a characteristic of present particle theory, “particle a can change to particle b, quality can change to energy, the particle of possess quality can change to the particle of not possess quality”．But, physics is a subject of study “mechanism”, any physical change should have mechanism, not have such “change” of not have mechanism, only “quality variable” so far cannot find the mechanism of “change”, historical that several examples of seem explain “quality variable”, today it seems, are all the quality true “changed”, to be at that time cannot find variational mechanism (now has been find), “quality variable” belong to the misunderstanding．Today, can raise even one example of explain “quality really variable” still? If can’t, whether may understand “conservation of matter” law of classical physics for “the basic particle should not change, its quality should not change”?

　　If cannot prove the quality variable, cannot explain the mechanism of particle variable, “quality variable” theory of course difficult to walk tall．

Credible is, the true particle, it possesses spherical “external”, possesses volume、possesses quality、to be true one grain、issue attracting force-line． 

　　If to say it can change, need to say how change it can? Is it the quantity change、volume change、or the proportion get change? What was the reason?

　　A kind of viewpoint considers, the basic particle need two kinds of graviton and repulton (electron) only, the basic particle of form proton only need one kind of graviton nothing more．This viewpoint analyzed out from phenomenon, graviton is the “ever quantum” of possess the order of light speed, the relation of two kinds of basic particle and the force-line is：

Graviton issue attracting force-line, its amounts take relative value 1, repulton issue repulsion force-line, its amounts take relative value 1 also．Force is produced by the interaction of force-line．

　１attracting force-line act with attracting force-line produce attracting force, record for F1

　２repulsion force-line act with repulsion force-line produce repulsion force, record for F2

　３attracting force-line act with repulsion force-line produce attracting force too, record for F3, but F3< F1

Where come from the graviton? What relation for it with proton?

The nuclear reaction of space stars and supernova radiate two kinds of basic particles to the space, the repultons due to F2, after leave star gradually slow down, final blend in space electric field；graviton can form force F1、F3, but are all attracting force, therefore, it accept not damp, will keep its original speed, high-speed flight in space． 

　　 Above viewpoint answer for “where come from the proton” is：the proton is come from “storing-energy polymerization of gravitons”, graviton’s attracting force-line make they mightily verge to “polymerizing”, “polymerization” have two kinds of possible pattern：”algebra polymerization” and “storing-energy polymerization”, the former produce cosmic-rays “particle”, the later produce “micro vortex galaxy”, due to “polymerizing effect” “micro vortex galaxy” still trend “polymerization”, its maximal “balance scale” is proton．The specific mechanism please see article 《L01 modern opinion about particle》and《L04 the evolution of matter》．

　　Above narration arrange for proton’s “source” in the circle of cosmic matter evolution．“Crashed” proton available is many “micro vortex galaxy” of different scale, also there may be a little “bachelordom” graviton among them．Due to today’s instrument only can measure e V(electron volt) and cannot recognize “ the different scale”, conceive of are all “a grain”, so, many “new particle ”( actually to be the “micro vortex galaxy” of different scale ) be able to often appear, if the measure for e V can correct to 10 to the power of -12, future possible find billion kinds of “new particle”, actually they just the “micro vortex galaxy” of different scale and not true one grain, see also in previous article 《L24 a What can dislodging from LHC-large hadron collider》．

　　Why lots and lots of “kinds” of new “particle” are all “short period exist”、are all can “change”、are all carry positive charge? 

The true physical background lie in they are all the “micro vortex galaxy” of not yet reach to the “balance” scale, possess intensely polymerize tendency、issue compare strong attracting force-line．

theory of In-satisfactory be sure to in-true、inconformity to objective reality, need inflict improve on． 

　　Through above sketch it can be seen, nowadays particle theory exist problems and difficulty, cannot fully believe, the true basic particle should possess below character： 

　1 to be true one

　2 cannot again split 

　3 cannot 

　4 the density of force-line is highest

　5 issue force-line

　6 possess quality and volume

　7 the quality of single and scale was minimum

　8 the proportion is maximum

　9 can polymerizing to whole “particle” of so far find or all scale matter 　　　and have specific mechanism

　10 can occur all matter evolution of now already find 

　11 the variety is full and necessary

　12 to be the “initiator” of all physical

　　The true basic (elementary) particle have two kind of graviton 、 repulton only, those other numerous “thousands of particles” to be the “micro vortex galaxy” of different scale of graviton． 

　　The knowing of two kinds of basic particle make “problems” be readily solved, proton’s “stabilizing” to be the result of base on “polymerizing effect”、attracting force balance, those other lots and lots of “particles” produced from proton shocked to be return to the condition of the later of originally graviton begin polymerizing, they are all issue attracting force-line of density biggish (carry positive charge), have strong tendency of polymerizing, but their quality all less than proton……． 

　　If proton is form from 12 or 62 kinds of basic particles, as so far as necessary being many puzzle of difficult to explain． 

Arrive here, can find out, Hawking regard as cannot get “Boson” to be correct! Hawking have not “lose”, just the contrary, he’s the “winner”, along with “casting out the rubbish and save the essence” for physical basic theory, “boson” not “true particle of a grin” be able to more and more clear know by folk．Because of, the true particle to be two kinds of graviton and repulton only． so far has been named all other “particles” are all not true “a grain”, some even to be “intention particle”! Call they for “particle” or think they to be particle are all not truthfulness, from this angle to see, at the very start Hawking is the winner, and is the winner forever． 

Those other “new particle” of different with “electron volt” from now on still be able to find, but, they does not true “one particle”, as to what name named them, it is not influent the essence of they “not true particle”． 

Here, be undisputed to assess of experiment、measure and “error < 0.00006% ”, the question is need prove that “particle” of quality large than 10 to the power of -36 gram they are true “a grain”, the particle of cannot fully possess above 12 item characteristic, out of the question for the true “particle of a grain”． 

　　Therefore, although the text instrument、method 、data accuracy and so on of find out “boson” was spot-on, but need to prove it is “one grain of particle” and does not a “micro vortex galaxy” of basic particle． 

　　so far physics field not yet detect this phenomenon of name not vice actually at particle’s field, even the fact not yet get distinct, that boson does not sure is “a grain of particle ”, only the such “find”, how can regard as the “win”?

The thesis L24aWhat can dislodging from LHC-large hadron collider from Chinese physics has been reckoned later on would ceaselessly “find” this kind of “particle”, they always “carry positive charge、variable、transients” actually to be “micro vortex galaxy” of different scale of graviton, named them “so and so particle” nothing but name discrepancy in fact, such kind of “particle” has been named hundreds ! the problem is, what time basic theory can find its mistakes in.． 

　　To add is about, the comment about Hawking first two times “bet”, the first is Hawking bet on that “black hole” does not exist, the second bet still about “black hole” theory, “singularity” should around by “black hole”, Hawking think “naked singularities” is not exist．

As a result, the first “bet” Hawking admit lose 95%,the second “bet” he smile throw in the towel, here showed the respected scholar’s generous attitude before “lopsided” public opinion, also showed the helpless of current basic physical theory． 

　In fact, what is the black hole after all? Where is the black hole? No one can answer satisfactory, existing theory, only some has not get proving、the judgment of cannot say the mechanism．Although >95% of people believe in “black hole” exist, but “black hole exist” has flaw：

　　“Vortex galactic center exist black hole”, 　 Vortex galaxy actually are widespread in the space, its center exist black hole is a kind of views on it．This view is believed so，because before cannot explain why those stars can form vortex motion? It make we think of the typhoon, if to there have a “black hole” in its center of course no one believe, that is the updraft formed negative pressure make typhoon’s center possess attraction, let the airflow all the directions “the center” convergence, Coriolis acceleration cause “the center” airflow form vortex, therefore, don’t need a “black hole” to undertake the task of “attracting”．

Does vortex galaxy exist a “attracting center”? What force make stars circle round and don’t go away? Before people can not find the answer, so there is a convenient disposal：“exist black hole”, some one against exist black hole seems cannot method put to the prove．But it is not difficult to according the principle to “rebuttal”： 

　　Space exist many “double star”, is there a “black hole” between “double star”? “double star” to be the beginning of develop to “starry” and even vortex galaxy, when add the member, does this “black hole” also change to large? 

　　In fact, the reason of　 “double star” “around each other、can’t leave” was their attracting force-line interaction, between they two formed the gravitation, this gravitation just right equal to the centrifugal force．So, does not need “black hole” participate in! 

Certainly, it does not more space two stars can satisfy “gravitation just right equal to the centrifugal force”, it does not very easy form “double star”, but with the passage of the time, space will continuously produce “double star”．

The mechanism of form “double star” also will cause form “much star”, “much” reach to a certain degree, is “vortex galaxy”, here is a development process of gradually add members, there fore, also no need to “black hole” participate in the polymerization, “black hole” was imaginary “celestial body”, any celestial body be all sent out attracting force-line, under a certain velocity vector、a certain distance can form “double star” or join a “vortex galaxy”, no useful for “black hole”．

Planets circle round around the sun, distance and relative speed known, enough can through calculate to checking this condition of “gravitation just right equal to the centrifugal force”, no need imagine “the sun center there is a black hole”, why the distant vortex galaxy need a “black hole”?